27 December 2016



ALIENS? No official investigation neither protocol for a contact.
 by Milton W. Hourcade


Hourcade, co-founder of C.I.O.V.I. the pioneer civilian institution for the investigation of the UFO subject in Uruguay in 1958, investigated and studied nearly two hundred cases, until the closing of the activities of the Center in 2008, when he proposed the creation of the UAPSG-GEFAI, a very selective international group of scientists and experts in the Unusual Aerial Phenomena (UAP) which has been working since then.

Writer of four books related to UFOs (the last one in English), Hourcade is a frequent lecturer and also has been interviewed countless times by the media, in Uruguay, Argentina, Mexico, Spain and the USA.

A dedicated student of the UAP, a voracious reader, he regularly shares news in the fields of Physics, Aeronautics, Astronautics and Meteorology, as well as his ideas and intuitions.
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This article is the result of reading the book “UFOs – myths, conspiracies, and realities” by Colonel John B. Alexander, Ph.D., Thomas Dunne Books, New York, 2012, 323 pages; and recent declarations made by the Senior Astronomer for SETI, Seth Shostak, as reported by Tom Metcalfe, Live Science Contributor on  November 16, 2016. 

It is important to note that all the interviews made by Col. Alexander were done in the decade of 1990, when the UFO subject still could attract the attention of some people working in important positions within US federal agencies.  If the same inquiry were done today, probably less US federal agencies would be considered as possibly dealing with the UFO subject.

The findings made by Col. Alexander are of his own responsibility and I couldn’t find any corroboration from another source.
______________________

Who is Col. John B. ALEXANDER?

Colonel John B. Alexander published in 1980 an article in the US Army’s “Military Review”, under the title “The New Mental Battlefield”. After retiring from the Army in 1988, Col. Alexander joined the Los Alamos National Laboratories and began working with Janet Morris, the Research Director of the US Global Strategy Council, chaired by Dr. Ray Cline, former Deputy Director of the CIA.

From that time comes the proposal of Col. Alexander of what he calls “non lethal weapons”.

In the nineties Col. Alexander and Retired Major General Albert N. Stubblebine (former Director of US Army Intelligence and Security Command) were on the board of a “remote viewing” company called PSI-TECH. 

If any reader is interested to know more about “remote viewing” I recommend the book “Reading the Enemy’s Mind – Inside Star Gate America’s Psychic Espionage Program” written by Paul H. Smith, published by Tom Doherty Association, New York, 2005, 592 pages; and “Remote Viewing Secrets – A Handbook” by Joseph McMoneagle, Hampton Roads Publishing Company, Inc., Charlottsville, Virginia, 2000, 296 pages.

Col. Alexander has shown along his life a special interest  in exotic subjects like Extra Sensorial Perception (ESP), UFOs, psychotronics (which could be related to the “abduction” phenomenon), anti-gravity devices, near-death experiments, psychology warfare (PSYOPS – psychological        operations) and non-lethal weaponry.

A friend with Dr. Jacques F. Vallée, Col. Alexander reports that he created the Advanced Theoretical Physics Project (ATP) which –to my knowledge has nothing to do with Physics, in spite of its name.

There is no longer official UFO investigation in the USA

The purpose of the ATP was to find if there were within the many official organizations of the US Government, any of them dealing with the UFO subject, which would like to have helped to pass the information to the public. (page 16)

The ATP occupied the spacious office of Col. Alexander in Tysons Corner, Virginia, quite near from where I lived many years, but I never knew where that office was.

The ATP membership was highly restricted. Col. Alexander established the following rules:

--By invitation only (nobody was allowed to come that we didn’t know)
--Participant background and interest had to be demonstrated
--Referrals could be made but I reserved the right of acceptance
--Minimum security clearances were TS-SCI at SI-TK no exceptions
--There would be no written documents about the meetings
--Participants had to cover their own costs 

To the readers not familiarized with these abbreviations, TS-SCI refers to a clearance of Top Secret-Sensitive Compartmented Information, and SI-TK means Special Intelligence -Talent Keyhole. Therefore those who belonged to the ATP were extremely selected people.

Once again, on page 16 of his book, Col. Alexander says about the purpose of the ATP: “The initial desired outcome would be to determine who knew what about UFOs”.

It is also interesting to know the conditions in which the group met. They used a Sensitive Compartmented Information Facility (SCIF) which is described as: “rooms that are built to detailed specifications to prevent anyone from eavesdropping via electronic surveillance techniques. There are no external portals and the entire facility is enmeshed in wires that prevent intrusion.” (page 16).

After a while, Col. Alexander –who was well related with the high echelons of the military— reports that he started a round of visits and talks with the heads of the most important official organizations mainly dealing with intelligence at different levels.

He comments: “The key assumption across all agencies was that somebody else was charged with responsibility for UFOS.”

And here comes the conclusion he arrived:

The ultimate answer appears to be that nobody does have that responsibility. While this notion runs counter to all of the conspiracy theorist’s proclamations, that was the bottom line.” (page 17).

He interviewed Ben Rich, an aerospace engineer and president of the Lockheed-Martin company Skunk-Works, in Area 51. Also Dr. Edward Teller, the father of the hydrogen bomb; Burt Rutan, aerospace engineer, creator of many flying machines, the latest ones the SpaceShip-I and Space-Ship II that will take tourists to near de Space.

But Col. Alexander also had meetings with authorities at NORAD, the Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA), the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), the National Security Agency (NSA), the Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI), the Army Science Board (ASB), and even Russian astronomer Dr.Félix Zigel.

At the end of every chapter of his book, Col. Alexander includes a Summary.
After his tour for different agencies, this is what he has to say:

This chapter is important as it describe how over several years my exploits took me to the senior levels of the military, and included briefing the director of the CIA, DIA, NSA, plus may other officials in various agencies, industries, and government science boards. The outcome of such meetings almost always included being introduced to other influential people.........
What I learned in my personal, face-to-face meetings runs counter to the wild tales that abound in conspiracy theory literature. However, unlike those conspiracy theory proponents, I am the only personal who has discussed this sensitive topic with each of those listed, and many, many others like them. Worth noting is that even at the most senior levels, some officials shared the conventional mythology of the general population regarding UFOs. Despite their high-level positions, they all seemed to think that someone else was responsible for the topic.” (page 39).

Therefore, it is clear that none of all these government agencies is dealing with the UFO subject. After the BlueBook was closed in 1969 following the University of Colorado “Scientific Study of Unidentified Flying Objects” (also known as the Condon Report, after Dr. Edward U. Condon who was the Director of the study), no one else has been responsible to investigate or study this subject.

As you realize, NASA is not mentioned in the list named by Col. Alexander, and the reason is simply this:

“The story behind what happened related to UFOs while President Carter was in the White House is more interesting than his sighting. According to the official records, his executive office asked NASA to get involved. Uncharacteristically for any agency of the Executive Branch, they did not accept the request. That is nearly unheard of, but points to critical problems when pre-established scientific boundaries are questioned. Obviously NASA pointed to the Condon Report for justification.” (page 102).

There is no protocol incase aliens make contact with us

If the lack of a specific program about UFOs developed by an agency is something surprising and discouraging for some people, it is worst to know that the USA has no protocol indicating what to do if some day aliens make contact with us.

As almost everybody knows, Seth Shostak is an American astronomer, currently Senior Astronomer for the SETI Institute. This is the private organization that deals with the Search for Extra Terrestrial Intelligence, through the use of radio-telescopes and some other instruments and technologies.

Recently, Shostak made very important declarations related to the lack of a real protocol to eventually deal with another intelligence that could make contact with us.

First drawn in the 1980s, this set of protocols acted as guidelines for Soviet and American astronomers looking for alien transmissions in signals received with radio telescopes.

Shostak made it clear these protocols are somewhat of a formality and not an international procedure to be followed when and if E.T. calls. He said:

"They say, 'If you pick up a signal, check it out...tel everybody...and don't broadcast any replies without international consultation', whatever that means"

And he added: “But that’s all that the protocols say, and they have no force of law. The United Nations took a copy of the early protocols and put them in a file drawer somewhere, and that’s as official as they ever got.”

In other words, science has empty hands related to the UFO subject, and empty hands if there were a contact made by another civilization: what to do?, what could be our response?, or there should be no response whatsoever?

And the main question that is behind this blind approach to issues that really matter is: when someone, somewhere, is going to take the initiative to change this situation?  

This policy of empty hands and empty responsibility is very similar with criminal situations where the answers and measures to put in place, are taken after something terrible has happened and not before, revealing a lack of care and precaution.


In the same interview Shostak said that he is “not aware of any government-level plans or established procedures in case of an alien contact, whatever form it might take.” 

Firefighters have a Guide

So far we know there is no agency or organization of the US government dealing with the Unusual Aerial Phenomena –as many investigators and students prefer to call them— to specifically avoid the mythical equation UFO = ET ship.

There is no an elaborated protocol of any kind considering the possible contact made with us by other intelligence.

But, since 1992 there has been a “Fire officer’s Guide to Disaster Control”. The authors of this Guide are William M. Kramer, Ph.D., and Charles W. Bahme, J.D.

The authors considered that as first responders, firefighters have to be aware of the dangers that could follow the landing or fall of a ship coming from space, belonging to an unknown civilization.

In other words, here the firefighters could eventually face an area of disaster where quick measures have to be taken.

Given that situation, the first thing the authors take into account is the Extra Terrestrial Exposure Law (14 C.F.R- 1211 of the Code of Federal Regulations. 

That has been the popular name for regulations adopted by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) in 1969 to formalize its "policy, responsibility and authority to guard the Earth against any harmful contamination ... resulting from personnel, spacecraft and other property returning to the Earth after landing on or coming within the atmospheric envlope of a celestial body"   " Implemented before the Apollo 11 mission, it provided the legal authority for a quarantine period for the returning astronauts.

The regulation defined "extra terrestrially exposed" as
"...the state or condition of any person, property, animal or other form of life or matter whatever, who or which has (1) Touched directly or come within the atmospheric envelope of any other celestial body; or (2) Touched directly or been in close proximity (or been exposed indirectly to) any person, property, animal or other form of life or matter who or which has been extra terrestrially exposed by virtue of subparagraph (1) of this paragraph.”

Having this law in mind, the authors pay the price to think that UFOs have an extra-terrestrial origin, and from that they develop their ideas and say:

UFOs - Emergency Action

“In view of the fact that many UFOlogists believe that we are fast approaching a time when overt landings of UFOs will become less remarkable, and in the absence of our knowing whether their visits are friendly or hostile, it would not be remiss to give some thought to the part that fire departments might play in the event of the unexpected arrival of UFOs in their communities. For example, what would be your course of action as an incident commander at the scene of a school ground where a UFO has crashed into the boiler room, rupturing a fuel line, and ignition has occurred in the spilling oil, endangering the occupants of the craft who are trapped in the wreckage? If your rescue attempts are successful, and two of the five small alien creatures are injured but still alive, how do you dispose of the dead and treat the survivors? How would the presence of children on the school grounds affect your actions? What persons and agencies would be notified?
The authors have never read any advice on these matters. The following admonition was printed on the inside front jacket of Frank Edward's book on flying saucers:
WARNING
"Near approaches of UFOs can be harmful to human beings. Do not stand under a UFO that is hovering at low altitude. Do not touch or attempt to touch a UFO that has landed. In either case the safe thing to do is to get away from there very quickly and let the military take over. There is a possibility of radiation danger and there are known cases where persons have been burned by rays emanating from UFOs. Don't take chances With UFOs!"

In view of the federal law (cited earlier) empowering NASA's administrator to impound, without a hearing, anyone who touches a UFO or its occupants, it would be inadvisable to make personal contact unless you are willing to submit to NASA's quarantine requirements, should the law be invoked.

Besides the possible physical effects of approaching a UFO, e.g. burns, radiation, etc., there may be psychological effects produced by force fields that could induce a hypnotic state in the viewer, loss of consciousness, memory relapse, and submission to the occupants. Jacques Vallee, author of "The Invisible College" cautions that we should consider psychic effects, such as space-time distortions experienced by percipients of craft-like devices which appear to fade away--dematerialize--and then reappear; of alien, strange voices or thoughts that may affect involuntary changes in the manner in which witnesses may react in such circumstances.(72)”.

As we can see, once again, the authors are confronted with a lack of “any advice on this matter” as they say. Therefore they tried to give some general orientations to the fire fighters officers to avoid unnecessary dangers and minimize the consequences of such a landing.

But at least they mention a law that continues to be valid, and give some cautions to be applied.

A very precise manual should also be written to deal specifically with these possible situations, and personally I think that it must be elaborated by scientists in conjunction with the military.

19 December 2016

NEW FOTOCAT REPORT

Our good friend and dear colleague Vicente-Juan Ballester Olmos, shared with us his latest FOTOCAT report. We encourage you to read it.

It is an extense report and therefore here is the link.


We thank VJBO for his new contribution.

NUEVO INFORME DE FOTOCAT

Nuestro buen amigo y colega Vicente-Juan Ballester Olmos, tiene el gusto de compartir el más reciente informe de su FOTOCAT.

El informe es extenso y recomendamos su lectura yendo a 
 
 
Allí podrán encontrar una versión en español.
Agradecemos a VJBO este nuevo aporte.

17 December 2016



May the Peace of Christmas Eve flood our hearts, and that we can celebrate Christmas with genuine joy.


In the same way, let us receive the New Year with the firm will to make it better that the one that is gone.


Cheers and happiness, friends!!
Que la Paz de la Nochebuena inunde nuestros corazones, y que celebremos la Navidad con genuina alegría. 

De la misma forma,recibamos el Año Nuevo con la firme voluntad de hacer que sea mejor que el que pasó.

¡¡Salud amigos, y felicidad!!

04 December 2016

THEORY THAT CHALLENGES EINSTEIN'S PHYSICS COULD SOON BE PUT TO TEST




Scientists behind a theory that the speed of light is variable - and not constant as Einstein suggested - have made a prediction that could be tested.

Imperial College London
by Hayley Dunning 25 November 2016

Einstein observed that the speed of light remains the same in any situation, and this meant that space and time could be different in different situations.

The assumption that the speed of light is constant, and always has been, underpins many theories in physics, such as Einstein’s theory of general relativity. In particular, it plays a role in models of what happened in the very early universe, seconds after the Big Bang.

The idea that the speed of light could be variable was radical when first proposed, but with a numerical prediction, it becomes something physicists can actually test. If true, it would mean that the laws of nature were not always the same as they are today.
– Professor João Magueijo

But some researchers have suggested that the speed of light could have been much higher in this early universe. Now, one of this theory’s originators, Professor João Magueijo from Imperial College London, working with Dr Niayesh Afshordi at the Perimeter Institute in Canada, has made a prediction that could be used to test the theory’s validity.
Structures in the universe, for example galaxies, all formed from fluctuations in the early universe – tiny differences in density from one region to another. A record of these early fluctuations is imprinted on the cosmic microwave background – a map of the oldest light in the universe – in the form of a ‘spectral index’.

Working with their theory that the fluctuations were influenced by a varying speed of light in the early universe, Professor Magueijo and Dr Afshordi have now used a model to put an exact figure on the spectral index. The predicted figure and the model it is based on are published in the journal Physical Review D.

Cosmologists are currently getting ever more precise readings of this figure, so that prediction could soon be tested – either confirming or ruling out the team’s model of the early universe. Their figure is a very precise 0.96478. This is close to the current estimate of readings of the cosmic microwave background, which puts it around 0.968, with some margin of error.

Radical idea

Professor Magueijo said: “The theory, which we first proposed in the late-1990s, has now reached a maturity point – it has produced a testable prediction. If observations in the near future do find this number to be accurate, it could lead to a modification of Einstein’s theory of gravity.
“The idea that the speed of light could be variable was radical when first proposed, but with a numerical prediction, it becomes something physicists can actually test. If true, it would mean that the laws of nature were not always the same as they are today.”

The testability of the varying speed of light theory sets it apart from the more mainstream rival theory: inflation. Inflation says that the early universe went through an extremely rapid expansion phase, much faster than the current rate of expansion of the universe.

the Horizon problem

These theories are necessary to overcome what physicists call the ‘horizon problem’. The universe as we see it today appears to be everywhere broadly the same, for example it has a relatively homogenous density.

This could only be true if all regions of the universe were able to influence each other. However, if the speed of light has always been the same, then not enough time has passed for light to have travelled to the edge of the universe, and ‘even out’ the energy.

As an analogy, to heat up a room evenly, the warm air from radiators at either end has to travel across the room and mix fully. The problem for the universe is that the ‘room’ – the observed size of the universe – appears to be too large for this to have happened in the time since it was formed.

The varying speed of light theory suggests that the speed of light was much higher in the early universe, allowing the distant edges to be connected as the universe expanded. The speed of light would have then dropped in a predictable way as the density of the universe changed. This variability led the team to the prediction published today.

The alternative theory is inflation, which attempts to solve this problem by saying that the very early universe evened out while incredibly small, and then suddenly expanded, with the uniformity already imprinted on it. While this means the speed of light and the other laws of physics as we know them are preserved, it requires the invention of an ‘inflaton field’ – a set of conditions that only existed at the time.

Critical geometry of a thermal big bang’ by Niayesh Afshordi and João Magueijo is published in Physical Review D.

PRONTO SE PONDRÁ A PRUEBA TEORÍA QUE CONTRADICE A EINSTEIN

Investigadores británicos creen que la velocidad de la luz es variable, lo que significa que las leyes de la naturaleza podrían haber sido diferentes en los inicios del Universo 
Los investigadores creen que la velocidad de la luz fue mucho mayor en el Universo temprano - Imperial College de Londres

Albert Einstein observó que la velocidad de la luz es constante, la misma en cualquier situación. Esta suposición apuntaló muchas teorías de la física, como la de la relatividad general, y desempeñó un papel importante para explicar lo sucedido en los comienzos del Universo, segundos después del Big Bang, la gran explosión. Sin embargo, algunos científicos creen que el físico más importante del siglo XX pudo estar equivocado, y que la velocidad de la luz es, en realidad, variable, lo que significa que el espacio y el tiempo podrían ser diferentes en diferentes situaciones. Y es hora de demostrarlo. Investigadores del Imperial Collage de Londres que defienden esta teoría rompedora han hecho una nueva predicción matemática que podría ser probada.

La idea de que la velocidad de la luz podría ser variable fue radical cuando se propuso por primera vez, pero con una predicción numérica, se convierte en algo que los físicos pueden probar realmente. De ser cierto, significaría que las leyes de la naturaleza no siempre fueron las mismas que en la actualidad.

En concreto, algunos investigadores han sugerido que la velocidad de la luz podría haber sido mucho mayor en este Universo temprano. Ahora, uno de los creadores de esta teoría, el profesor João Magueijo, del Imperial College, en colaboración con Niayesh Afshordi, profesor en el Instituto Perimeter en Canadá, ha hecho una predicción que podría ser utilizada para poner a prueba su validez.

Las estructuras en el Universo, por ejemplo, las galaxias, se forman a partir de fluctuaciones en los inicios del Cosmos, pequeñas diferencias en la densidad de una región a otra. Un registro de estas primeras fluctuaciones se imprime en el fondo de microondas cósmico, el mapa de la luz más antigua del Universo, en forma de un «índice espectral».

Trabajando con su teoría de que las fluctuaciones fueron influenciadas por una variación en la velocidad de la luz en el universo temprano, Magueijo y Afshordi han utilizado un modelo para poner una cifra exacta sobre el índice espectral. La cifra prevista y el modelo en que se basa se publican en la revista Physical Review D.

Los cosmólogos están actualmente recibiendo lecturas cada vez más precisas de esta cifra, por lo que la predicción pronto podría ser probada, y de esta forma confirmado o descartado el modelo del universo primitivo del equipo. Su figura es un muy preciso 0,96478. Esto se acerca a la estimación actual de lecturas de la radiación cósmica de fondo, de alrededor de 0,968, con un poco de margen de error.

«La teoría, que por primera vez se propuso a finales de la década de 1990, ha llegado a un punto de madurez; se ha producido una predicción comprobable. Si las observaciones en un futuro próximo encuentran este número exacto, podrían dar lugar a una modificación de la teoría de la gravedad de Einstein», dice Magueijo.

La capacidad de poner a prueba la teoría de la velocidad variable de la luz la diferencia de su teoría rival más convencional: la inflación. La inflación dice que el Universo temprano pasó por una fase de expansión extremadamente rápida, mucho más rápida que la actual tasa de expansión del Universo.

El problema del horizonte
Estas teorías son necesarias para superar lo que los físicos llaman el «problema del horizonte». El Universo como lo vemos hoy en día parece ser igual en todas partes, por ejemplo, tiene una densidad relativamente homogénea.

Esto sólo podría ser cierto si todas las regiones del Universo fueron capaces de influir en las demás. Sin embargo, si la velocidad de la luz ha sido siempre la misma, entonces no hay suficiente tiempo para que la luz viajara a los confines del Universo.

Como analogía, para calentar una habitación de manera uniforme, el aire caliente de los radiadores en cada extremo tiene que viajar a través del cuarto y mezclarse completamente. El problema para el Universo es que el «espacio» -el tamaño observado del Universo- parece ser demasiado grande para que esto hubiera ocurrido en el tiempo desde que se formó.

La teoría de la velocidad variable de la luz sugiere que la velocidad de la luz era mucho mayor en los inicios del Universo, permitiendo que los bordes distantes se conectaran al tiempo que el Universo se expandía. La velocidad de la luz se habría reducido a continuación, de una manera predecible cuando la densidad del Universo cambió. Esta variabilidad llevó al equipo a la predicción publicada hoy.

La teoría alternativa es la inflación, que intenta resolver este problema diciendo que el universo muy temprano se expandió a partir de un punto increíblemente pequeño, con la uniformidad ya impresa en él. Si bien esto significa que la velocidad de la luz y las otras leyes de la física tal como las conocemos se conservan, se requiere la invención de un «campo de la inflación», un conjunto de condiciones que sólo existían en el momento. 

Esta versión es traducción del ABC.es de Madrid, extraída directamente de un artículo publicado por el Imperial College de Londres, que reprodujo en su página Web el Observatorio Cuyano, y que nuestro miembro Luis Emilio Annino, de Mendoza, Argentina, reprodujera en Facebook, gracias a quien no enteramos de este importante tema. MWH